2025年硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题——阅读理解

在2024年12月21日至23日，2025年硕士研究生招生考试的大幕拉开，考场上弥漫着紧张与期待交织的气息。每一位考生都怀揣着对未来学术殿堂的憧憬，在英语(一)的试卷前倾尽所学，挥洒智慧。如今考试已然结束，可其影响却如涟漪般持续扩散。这份英语(一)真题恰似一座桥梁，连接着过去备考的辛勤汗水与未来未知的命运走向。通过对真题的深度剖析与估分，考生们能更好地回顾考场中的得失，进而在复试准备、调剂规划、二战抉择或就业考量等诸多道路中，锚定方向，迈出更为稳健的步伐。以下是2025 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题的阅读理解内容，若想获得全部真题及答案的详细内容，请点击阅读>2025年硕士研究生招生考试初试各科目真题<。

 

2025 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)（阅读理解）

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

The grammar schoolboy from Stratford-Upon-Avon has landed a scholarly. Punch after groundbreaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children's literacy and emotional development, but only if you can act him out.

A study found that a “rehearsal room” approach to teaching Shakespeare broadened children's vocabulary and the capacity of their writing as well as their emotional literacy. “The research shows that the way actors work.Makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves,” Jacqui O Hanlon of Royal

Shakespeare Company(RSC) , which commission the study, said.

The randomised control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils--aged nine and ten--at 45. State primary schools that had not been previously exposed to RS Pedagogy. They were split into target and control groups and asked to write for example a message in bottle as ferdinanel after the shipwreck in the rempest. The target group was given a 30-minute drama- based activity to accompany the passage.

The peer-reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils drew on a wider vocabulary, used words, classed as more sophisticated or rarer, and wrote at greater length.They also appear to be more comfortable writing in role. While [control] pupils imagine how they themselves would react to being shipwrecked, [target] children put themselves in the shoes of literary character and express that character’s emotion.

The Time to Act Study also found that while controlled pupils relied on desert is land cliches, such as palm trees, target pupils were more expansive [giving] a broader picture of the sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions.

O’Helen said she had been most surprised by the emotional literacy that was evident in

the children's writing, and that they were more resilient in their writing more hopeful, she added: the emotional understanding was very evident and it is probably related to the rehearsal room process, where you are used to trying to imagine your way through. They were comfortable in describing different emotional states and part of what you do in drama is put yourself in different shoes. The study showed the importance of embedding our in education , she said.

But could the results be re replicated with any old dramatists? O’Hanlon said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare's use of 20,000 words, compared with the everyday 2,000 words gave a massive expansion of language into a children’s lives, which was combined with children using their whole bodies to bring words to life.

21. The rehearsal room approach requires pupils to .

[A] rewrite the lines from Shakespeare [B] watch RSC actors performances

[C] play the roles in Shakespeare [D] study drama under RSC artists

22. The study divided the pupils into two groups to find .

[A] whether a the change in situation enhance learning outcomes [B] expanding vocabulary helps develop reading fluency

[C] see emotion affects understanding of sophisticated workers [D] the classroom activity stimulates interest in the arts

23. Control pupil's reliance on desert island cliches shows their .

[A] weakness in description

[B] omission of small details

[C] casual style of writing

[D] the preference for big words

24. What can promote children's emotional literacy according to O’Helen?

[A] Writing in an imaginative manner[B] Identifying with literacy characters

[C] Drawing inspiration from nature[D] Centralizing on real life situations

25. It can inferred from the last paragraph that .

[A] a the new teaching method may work best with Shakespeare [B] the language of Shakespeare may be formidable for pupils

[C] other older dramatists may be included in primary education[D] the pupils may be reluctant to work on other old dramatists

Text 2

I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in

an effort to decrease carbon emissions. I discovered this when I was sitting on a panel discussing sustainable space activities and my colleagues ’ concerns about their contribution to global warming was palpable. The crisis is here, they said, and we need to cut back on our energy intensive modelling. At the very least, we need to make our energy use far more sustainable.

It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites — the tools we scientists need to measure the planet’s pulse — demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation. And it is equally true that science’s unrelenting appetite for information has caused a mushrooming of energy-intensive data centres around the world. According to the International Energy Agency, these buildings now consume about 1 per cent of the world’s electricity.

However, this is a price we must pay for understanding the world. How can we inform decision makers about the best ways to bring down carbon emissions if we can’t track the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, where it’s coming from and who’s producing it? The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent: ultimately this research will safeguard the future of our planet.

It can be hard for scientists to make the case because our work is complex, often takes place behind closed doors and does not always lend itself to easy interpretation or explanation. But demonstrating the efficacy of science will be crucial if we are to solve humanity’s greatest challenges. It is all too easy to feel paralysed in the face of daunting problems such as climate change and to do nothing. But then I think of a friend’s daughter who turned her fears into action: she became a wind energy engineer and now thrives on delivering renewable energy, limiting emissions.

Recognising the hope that science and engineering can bring was the impetus behind the creation of the Millennium Technology Prize, which is now entering its 20th year as a celebration of human ingenuity. One of the past winners, Professor Martin Green from the University of New South Wales, Australia, is the inventor of the Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell technology which is now found in most of the world’s solar panels. Thanks to his invention, we have a real chance to decrease the world’s carbon emissions.

Every day, scientists, technologists and engineers are discovering new ways to exploit renewable energy sources and develop techniques not just to use power more intelligently but to power our intelligence. A great example of this is Europe’s largest supercomputer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon-negative. Established in an old paper mill, it is powered by a nearby river and its remote heat warms the people who live in the surrounding town of Kajaani.

If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIs.

26. The author expressed great surprise at some scientists ’ .

[A] unwillingness to cut carbon emissions [B] intention to reduce their research

[C] suspicions about sustainable energy [D] waste of electricity in their projects

27.The author believes that carbon emissions from research .

[A] have caused Scare consequences [B] have aroused groundless worries [C] are hard to handle at present

[D] are justifiable in the long run

28.The example of green in paragraph 5 is used to illustrate .

[A] the achievements of great scientists

[B] the urgency of addressing climate change [C] the reverse of scientific endeavors

[D] the value of.Fostering human ingenuity

29. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that LUMI . [A] is a model of sustainable efforts

[B] is a triumph against energy shortage

[C] owes much to global net zero initiatives [D] aims to explore the power of intelligence

30. Which of the following statements would they also agree with?

[A] emission free modeling demands extra funding [B] the need for super computers is difficult to meet [C] energy intensive research work is inevitable

[D] the goals of researchers out to be realistic

Text 3

Ever since taking on Netflix In[C] at its own game, old Hollywood has struggled to turn a profit in streaming, with the likes of Disney+, Peacock and Paramount+ losing billions of dollars each year, sparking concerns on Wall Street that the services will never be as profitable as cable once was. But the age of streaming has been a boon for some unintended winners: pirates that use software to rip a film or television show in seconds from legitimate online video platforms and host the titles on their own, illegitimate services, which rake in about $2 billion annually from ads and subscriptions.

With no video production costs, illegal streaming sites have achieved profit margins approaching 90%, according to the Motion Picture Association(MPA), a trade group representing Hollywood studios that's working to crack down on the thousands of illegal platforms that have cropped up in recent years.

Initially the rise of legitimate online businesses such as Netflix actually helped curb digital piracy, which had largely been based on file uploads. But now piracy involving illegal streaming services as well as file-sharing costs the US economy about $30 billion in lost revenue a year and some 250,000 jobs, estimates the US Chamber of Commerce's Global Innovation Policy Center. The global impact is about $71 billion annually.

“The people who are stealing our movies and our television shows and operating piracy sites are not mom and pop operations,” says Charlie Rivkin, chief executive officer of the MPA. “This is organized crime.” Rivkin joined the MPAin 2017 after the organization failed five years earlier/to build consensus between Hollywood and Silicon Valleyto win passage of legislation in Congress/aimed at stopping online piracy. In 2017 the association formed the Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment (ACE), an enforcement task force of about 100 detectives circling the globe to help local authorities arrest streaming pirates.

ACE says it's helped shrink the number of illegal streaming services/in North America to 126, from more than 1,400 in 2018, aided in part by the MPA's support for a 2020 federal law that made large-scale streaming of copyrighted material a serious crime.

Consulting firm Parks Associates predicts that legitimate US streaming services ’ cumulative loss from piracy since2022_will reach $113 billion in the next two years. While there is_some optimism that emerging countermeasures and best practices may see piracy]begin to plateau by 2027, there is no consensus among stakeholders as to when it may begin to decline," says analyst Steve Hawley.

31. According to paragraph 1, legitimate streaming services .

[A] have drawn lessons from Hollywood [B] have surpassed cable in revenue

[C] are unpopular with advertiser

[D] are confronted with a real threat

32. It can be learned that streamers like Netflix ___.

[A] played a part in the fith against illgeal file-sharing [B] reaped benefits from the war with digital pirates [C] promised to become big job creators in the US

[D] used to collaborate with file-uploading platforms

33. It can be inferred fro paragraph 4 that MPA ___.

[A] was denied cooperation by Silicon Valley

[B] led a national protest against online privacy

[C] was urged to reform an enforcement taks force [D] failed to win support from local authorities

34. According to Hawley, digital privacy ___.

[A] cannot be checked in spite of new legislation

[B] will possibly overwhelm legitimate streamers [C] is unlikely to diminish in the near future

[D] has been underestimated by some analysts

35. Which of the following is emphasized in the text? [A] The need to coordinate anti-privacy action

[B] The criminal nature of copyright violation [C] Prospect of eliminating online privacy

[D] Economic harm from illegal streaming

Text 4

Visit any antiques stores and you may encounter artifact from the past: photographs, letters, a brochure Sinclair dinosaur 1964-1965 Fair, the ephemera of history. Yet they aren’t truly ephemeral. Why? Because they are still here, decades, and they are tangible.

Have you pondered the life cycle of intangible formats, digital information, given that those who produce these artifacts seldom make provision for their long-term preservation? For millennia, we’ve known what we’ve known due to artifacts that have survived, often despite their original creators ’ neglect. The thing itself is the medium that delivers the information. At the time of creation, no attempts were made at intentional preservation, yet analog materials have a chance of surviving and serving as the historical record that biographers, historians, and novelists rely on. Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information. Thus, librarians digitize the tangible so that researchers the world over can quickly search and access their holdings. The result is an embarrassment of historical riches, which brings its own needle-and-haystack problems.

Librarians selfless devotion can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cellphone and saying, "it's all in here" as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today.Yet how was that universality of access of made possible and, perhaps more importantly, how is it maintained?Who curates what is preserved? When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be:if not librarians and archivists, then no one. Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog.

Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself. As technology advances and a for mat becomes obsolete, the object is useless. Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, think how do I get the files off this? Without constant migration of digital assets a nightmare about what keeps historians up at night :a historical record that abrupt stops when digital assets replaces analog.

As a librarian whose day job revolves around special collections and digital assets, I share the night terrors of historians, and I’d be lying if I said a comprehensive preservation

solution currently exists. Yet researchers can take some comfort in the fact that there are a multitude of librarians devoted to discovering, organizing, and preserving digital information for researchers current and future.Librarians are uniquely positioned to understand how end users seek and use information. Thus we play an integral role in identifying, preserving, and providing accessibility to digital artifacts so that, while future researchers may find the digital realm a challenging place to ply their trade, they won’t find it an impossible one.

36. The author mentions the art crafts from the past to .

[A] introduce the coming of antiques [B] contrast them with everyday items [C] bring up the issue of preservation [D] comment on their historical value

37. Compared with digital objects, tangible artifacts .

[A] are less subject to their creators' neglect [B] convey information in a more direct way [C] require more intentional preservation

[D] are less likely to suffer serious damage

38. According to the passage, librarians' work may result in . [A] oversupply of materials

[B] undervaluation of libraries

[C] researchers' under-performance

[D] users' overreliance on technology

39. The "ZIP disk" is cited as an example to show .

[A] the difficulty of retrieving files through unusual means [B] the infeasibility of constantly migrating digital assets

[C] the possibility of losing Information in obsolete formats

[D] the inconvenience of storing information on analog device

40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the text? [A] Hard work should be done to preserve artifacts

[B] The contribution of librarians should be recognized [C] Accessing databases is essential to researchers

[D] Keeping digital historical records is a challenge

 

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Text 1

21.【答案】C

【解析】细节题。文章明确提到“rehearsal room”方法的核心是通过戏剧化表 演(acting out)莎士比亚的作品，帮助学生理解语言和角色情感。文中提 到“drama-based activity”和“put themselves in the shoes of literary characters”， 说明这一方法需要学生扮演莎士比亚的角色，而不是仅仅阅读、观看表演 或在专业艺术家指导下学习。因此，答案为 [C]。

22.【答案】A

【解析】细节题。文章提到研究通过随机对照试验，将学生分为两组：目标

组接受戏剧化教学活动，对照组未接受。研究的目的是比较两种教学方法 的效果，特别是目标组是否在词汇使用、写作能力和情感素养上表现更好。 这表明研究关注情境变化对学习成果的影响，而非词汇扩展、情感或艺术 兴趣的直接作用。因此，答案为 [A]。

23.【答案】A

【解析】细节题。文章指出，对照组学生在写作中“relied on clichés such as palm trees”(依赖椰子树等刻板印象)，而目标组描述更为丰富，涉及“sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions”。这表明对照组学生的描述能力不足， 无法超越简单的刻板描写。[B]项“omission of small details”(忽略细节)。 [C]项“casual style of writing”(随意风格).[D]项“preference for big words”(喜 欢大词)与文章内容无关。因此，答案为 [A]。

24.【答案】B

【解析】细节题。O’Hanlon 在文中提到，戏剧活动能够提升学生的情感素 养，因为它让学生通过“putting themselves in different shoes”(站在角色的立 场)去理解和表达角色的情感状态。这种活动帮助学生想象、体验和描述 不同的情感，因此答案为 [B] 。[A]项是说“写作中使用想象力” 。[C]项“从 自然中汲取灵感” 。[D]项“专注于现实生活” ，均未提及。

25.【答案】A

【解析】推断题。文章最后一段提到，莎士比亚拥有“20,000 个词汇” ，远超 日常语言的“2,000 个词汇”，这为学生的语言扩展提供了巨大的资源。结合 “bringing words to life”，这种方法尤其适用于语言复杂且丰富的莎士比亚作 品。而对于其他作家，O’Hanlon 提到需要更多研究验证，未明确说明效果。 因此，答案为 [A] 。[B]项“语言对学生而言过于困难” 。[C]项“将其他作家 纳入小学教育” 。[D]项“学生不愿意接触其他作家” ，属于无中生有。

【全文翻译】

这个来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福的文法学校男孩找到了一名学者。一项突破性的研 究表明，莎士比亚确实有益于儿童的读写能力和情感发展，但前提是你能把他表演出 来。

一项研究发现，用“排练室”的方式教授莎士比亚作品可以拓宽孩子们的词汇量、 写作能力以及情感素养。“研究表明，演员的工作方式。委托开展这项研究的皇家莎士 比亚剧团的杰基·奥汉隆说：“这对孩子们使用语言的方式以及他们对自己的看法都有 很大的影响。”

这项随机对照试验涉及了数百名年龄在 9 岁和 10 岁之间的 45 岁五年级学生。以 前没有接触过 RS 教学法的公立小学。他们被分成目标组和对照组，并被要求在遥远 的海难后用费迪南内尔的瓶子写一条信息。 目标群体被安排了一个 30 分钟的戏剧活 动来配合这段话。

同行评议的结果显示，目标学生群体使用的词汇量更大，使用的词汇被分类为更 复杂或更罕见，写作的篇幅也更长。他们似乎也更适应角色写作。对照组的学生想象 他们自己对船失事的反应，而对照组的孩子则把自己放在文学人物的位置上，表达人 物的情感。

“行动的时间”研究还发现，对照组的学生依赖于沙漠和陆地的陈词滥调，比如棕 榈树，而对照组的学生则更广阔，对天空、海洋和大气状况有更广阔的认识。

O 'Helen 说，她最惊讶的是孩子们写作中明显的情感素养，他们在写作中更有弹 性，更有希望，她补充说：“情感理解非常明显，这可能与排练室的过程有关，在排练 室里，你习惯于尝试想象你的方式。”他们在描述不同的情绪状态时很自在，在戏剧 中，你要做的一部分就是把自己放在不同的位置上。她说，这项研究显示了将我们融 入教育的重要性。

但是，这些结果能在任何一位老戏剧家身上重现吗?奥汉隆表示，还需要进行更 多的研究，但他表示，与日常使用的 2000 个单词相比，莎士比亚使用了2 万个单词， 这给孩子们的生活带来了巨大的语言扩展，这与孩子们用他们的整个身体来赋予单词 生命相结合。

Text 2

26.【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句: "I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in an effort to decrease carbon emissions."意思是作者惊讶地发现一些 科学家为了减少碳排放想要缩减他们的研究。作者明确表达了对科学家们意图减少研

究活动以降低碳排放的惊讶。因此正确答案是 [B] intention to reduce their research。 27.【答案】D

【解析】根据定位句: "The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent: ultimately this research will safeguard the future of our planet."

意思是说技术研究产生的碳排放是值得的：最终这些研究将保障我们星球的未来。作 者认为，尽管科技研究会产生碳排放，但这些排放是有正当理由的，因为它们最终会 保护地球的未来。所以正确答案是 [D] are justifiable in the long run。

28.【答案】C

【解析】根据定位句: "But then I think of a friend’s daughter who turned her fears into action: she became a wind energy engineer and now thrives on delivering renewable energy, limiting emissions."意思是说但是接着我想到一个朋友的女儿，她将恐惧转化为行动： 她成为一名风能工程师，现在致力于提供可再生能源，限制排放。这段文字讲述了作 者朋友的女儿如何从对环境问题的担忧转变为积极行动，选择了风能工程作为职业， 为减少排放和提供可再生能源做出了贡献。这实际上体现了个人行为对科学努力的反 向促进作用——不是指科学研究的倒退，而是指个人的行为(如选择环保职业)反过 来推动了科学和技术的发展。因此，这个例子用来说明的是人类创造力和个人行动可 以怎样逆转或补充科学的努力，即选项 [C] the reverse of scientific endeavors。

29.【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句: "A great example of this is Europe’s largest supercomputer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon-negative... If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIs."意思是说一个很好的例子是芬兰的欧洲最大的超级计算机 LUMI ，它令 人惊讶地实现了碳负排放...如果世界要实现其净零目标，我们必须认真思考如何提供 可持续计算，并提供更多像 LUMI 这样的设施。

文章提到 LUMI 是一个可持续努力的典范，强调了它的环保特性以及作为未来可持续 发展的榜样。因此正确答案是 [A] is a model of sustainable efforts。

30.【答案】C

【解析】整篇文章都在讨论科学研究的重要性及其在应对气候变化中的作用，同时承

认研究需要消耗能量。作者在全文中表达了对科研重要性的支持，同时也认识到科研 工作的能源密集型本质。作者认为，尽管存在能源密集型的研究工作，但它对于理解 和解决全球变暖问题是不可避免的。因此正确答案是 [C] energy intensive research work is inevitable。

【全文翻译】

最近，我震惊地得知，一些科学家想要缩减他们的研究规模，以减少碳排放。当 我坐在一个讨论可持续太空活动的小组上时，我发现了这一点，我的同事们对他们对 全球变暖的贡献的担忧是显而易见的。他们说，危机就在这里，我们需要减少我们的 能源密集型模型。至少，我们需要使我们的能源使用更加可持续。

毫无疑问，我们的实验室、科学仪器、火箭和卫星——我们科学家测量地球脉搏 所需的工具——在建造和运行中都需要大量的能源。同样真实的是，科学对信息的无 情需求导致世界各地能源密集型数据中心如雨后春笋般涌现 。根据国际能源署 (International Energy Agency)的数据，这些建筑目前消耗了全球约 1%的电力。

然而，这是我们了解世界必须付出的代价。如果我们无法追踪大气中二氧化碳的 数量，它从哪里来，谁在制造它，我们如何告诉决策者减少碳排放的最佳方法?技术 研究产生的碳排放是物有所值的：最终，这项研究将保护我们星球的未来。

科学家们很难证明这一点，因为我们的工作很复杂，往往是关起门来进行的，并 不总是容易解释或解释。但是，如果我们要解决人类面临的最大挑战，展示科学的功 效将是至关重要的。面对气候变化等令人生畏的问题，人们很容易感到无所作为。但 后来我想起了一个朋友的女儿，她把自己的恐惧变成了行动：她成为了一名风能工程 师，现在在提供可再生能源、限制排放方面发展得很好。

认识到科学和工程能够带来希望，推动了千年科技奖(Millennium Technology Prize)的创立。作为对人类聪明才智的表彰，该奖项今年已进入第 20 个年头。过去 的获奖者之一，来自澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的马丁·格林教授，是钝化发射极和后电 池技术的发明者，该技术现在在世界上大多数太阳能电池板中都有发现。多亏了他的 发明，我们才有真正的机会减少世界的碳排放。

每一天，科学家、技术人员和工程师都在探索开发可再生能源的新方法，并开发

技术，不仅是为了更智能地使用电力，而且是为了为我们的智能提供动力。一个很好 的例子是欧洲最大的超级计算机，芬兰的 LUMI ，它的碳负性惊人。它建在一个古老 的造纸厂里，由附近的一条河流提供动力，它遥远的热量温暖着住在周围城镇卡贾尼 的人们。

如果世界要实现净零排放的目标，我们必须认真思考如何提供可持续的计算和更多的 LUMI。

Text 3

31.【答案】D

【解析】根据定位句: "old Hollywood has struggled to turn a profit in streaming... sparking concerns on Wall Street that the services will never be as profitable as cable once was."意思 是说传统的好莱坞在流媒体上难以盈利... 引发了华尔街的担忧，即这些服务可能永远 不会像有线电视曾经那样有利可图。这句话表明合法的流媒体服务面临着盈利能力的 问题，并且引起了市场的担忧。因此正确答案是 [D] are confronted with a real threat。 32.【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句: "Initially the rise of legitimate online businesses such as Netflix actually helped curb digital piracy, which had largely been based on file uploads."意思是说 最初，像 Netflix 这样的合法在线业务的兴起实际上有助于遏制基于文件上传的数字 盗版。此处说明了 Netflix 等合法流媒体平台曾在一定程度上帮助减少了非法文件共 享的现象。因此正确答案是 [A] played a part in the fight against illegal file-sharing。

33.【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句: "Rivkin joined the MPA in 2017 after the organization failed five years earlier to build consensus between Hollywood and Silicon Valley to win passage of legislation in Congress aimed at stopping online piracy."意思是说 Rivkin 在 2017 年加入 了 MPA ，此前该组织未能在五年前建立好莱坞和硅谷之间的共识，以通过国会立法 来阻止在线盗版。从这句话可以推断出 MPA 之前试图与 Silicon Valley 合作以推动反 盗版立法但没有成功。因此正确答案是 [A] was denied cooperation by Silicon Valley 。 34.【答案】C

【解析】根据定位句: "While there is some optimism that emerging countermeasures and best practices may see piracy begin to plateau by 2027, there is no consensus among stakeholders as to when it may begin to decline."意思是说尽管有人乐观地认为新兴的对 策和最佳实践可能会让盗版到 2027 年开始趋于平稳，但利益相关者之间并没有就何 时开始下降达成一致意见。Hawley 的观点表明，尽管有一些新的措施，但短期内数字 盗版不太可能减少。因此正确答案是 [C] is unlikely to diminish in the near future。

35.【答案】D

【解析】整篇文章都在讨论由于盗版造成的经济损失、非法流媒体服务的猖獗以及对 抗盗版的努力。文章整体上强调了非法流媒体带来的经济伤害，以及需要采取行动打 击这种行为。文章中多次提到非法流媒体对经济的影响，包括收入损失和工作机会的 丧失。因此正确答案是 [D] Economic harm from illegal streaming。

【全文翻译】

自从在自己的游戏中与奈飞公司(Netflix Inc. )展开竞争以来，老牌好莱坞一直 难以在流媒体业务中盈利，迪士尼+、孔雀和派拉蒙+等公司每年亏损数十亿美元，这 引发了华尔街的担忧，即流媒体服务永远不会像有线电视那样盈利。但是，流媒体时 代却给一些意想不到的赢家带来了福音：盗版者利用软件在几秒钟内从合法的在线视 频平台上下载电影或电视节目，并在自己的非法服务上播放这些节目，这些盗版者每 年从广告和订阅中赚取约 20 亿美元。

据美国电影协会(MPA)称，由于没有视频制作成本，非法流媒体网站的利润率 接近 90%。美国电影协会是好莱坞电影公司的一个贸易组织，致力于打击近年来涌现 的数千个非法平台。

最初，Netflix 等合法在线业务的兴起实际上有助于遏制主要基于文件上传的数字 盗版。但据美国商会全球创新政策中心估计，目前涉及非法流媒体服务和文件共享的 盗版行为每年给美国经济造成约 300 亿美元的收入损失，以及约 25 万个就业岗位。 全球每年的影响约为 710 亿美元。

电影协会的首席执行官 Charlie Rivkin 说：“那些偷我们的电影和电视节目的人， 以及经营盗版网站的人，都不是夫家经营的。”“这是有组织犯罪。”里夫金于 2017 年

加入美国电影协会，五年前，该组织未能在好莱坞和硅谷之间达成共识，赢得国会通 过旨在阻止在线盗版的立法。2017 年，该协会成立了创意与娱乐联盟(ACE)，这是 一个由全球约 100 名侦探组成的执法工作队，帮助地方当局逮捕流媒体盗版。

ACE 表示，它帮助将北美的非法流媒体服务数量从 2018 年的 1400 多个减少到 126 个，部分原因是 MPA 支持 2020 年的一项联邦法律，该法律将大规模流媒体版权 材料定为严重犯罪。

咨询公司Parks Associates 预测， 自 2022 年以来，美国合法流媒体服务因盗版造 成的累计损失将在未来两年内达到 1130 亿美元。分析师史蒂夫·霍利(Steve Hawley) 表示：“尽管人们乐观地认为，新兴的应对措施和最佳做法可能会使海盗行为在 2027 年开始趋于平稳，但利益相关者对何时开始下降没有达成共识。”

Text 4

36.【答案】C

【解析】根据 "Visit any antiques stores and you may encounter artifacts from the past... Yet they aren’t truly ephemeral. Because they are still here, decades later, and they are tangible."意思是说访问任何古董店，你可能会遇到过去的工艺品...然而它们并不是真 正短暂的，因为几十年后它们仍然存在，而且是有形的。表明作者提到过去的工艺品 是为了引出保存问题，即这些物品尽管没有特意保存，但仍然存留至今，并且是有形 的。因此正确答案是 [C] bring up the issue of preservation。

37.【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句"The thing itself is the medium that delivers the information... Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information."意思是说实体物品本身即是传递信息的媒介... 图书馆和档案 馆传统上承担着信息的组织、保存和获取的责任。

文章中指出，实体文物本身即为信息传递的媒介，这意味着人们可以直接通过接触这 些文物来获得信息。相比之下，数字对象需要特定的技术或平台才能访问其内容。因 此，实体文物在传达信息时更为直接，因为它们不需要额外的设备或软件来解读。所 以，[B] 选项最准确地反映了文章中的观点。

38.【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句"Librarians selfless devotion can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cellphone and saying, 'it's all in here' as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today."意思是说图书馆员无私的奉献可能会适得其 反，当用户举起手机说“都在这里”来证明图书馆对于今天的研究人员来说不再那么重 要时。文中提到图书馆员的工作可能无意中导致了人们低估图书馆的重要性，认为所 有信息都在手机里。因此正确答案是 [B] undervaluation of libraries。

39.【答案】C

【解析】根据下定位句"Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself... Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, think how do I get the files off this?"意思是说即使数字对象被保存下来，也可能只有载体被 保存下来，而不是信息本身...你有没有无助地看着一个 ZIP 磁盘，想着如何从上面获 取文件?从而可知 ZIP 磁盘的例子用来说明如果格式过时，即使载体保存下来，信息 也可能丢失。因此正确答案是 [C] the possibility of losing Information in obsolete formats。 40.【答案】D

【解析】整篇文章讨论了实体文物与数字信息的保存难题，以及图书馆员在这个过程 中扮演的重要角色。文章整体上是在谈论实体文物与数字信息的保存挑战，以及图书 馆员在此过程中的重要作用。最能概括文本的陈述应当反映出文章的主要论点，即保 存数字历史记录是一项挑战。因此正确答案是 [D] keeping digital historical records is a challenge。

【全文翻译】

参观任何一家古董店，你可能会遇到过去的文物：照片、信件、辛克莱恐龙 1964- 1965 年博览会的小册子，这是短暂的历史。然而，它们并不是真正短暂的。为什么? 因为它们还在这里，几十年，它们是有形的。

你有没有考虑过无形形式的生命周期，数字信息，因为那些生产这些文物的人很 少为它们的长期保存做准备?几千年来，我们知道了我们所知道的，这要归功于那些 幸存下来的人工制品，尽管它们的原始创造者经常忽视它们。事物本身就是传递信息

的媒介。在创作的时候，没有人试图故意保存，但模拟材料有机会幸存下来，并作为 传记作家、历史学家和小说家所依赖的历史记录。图书馆和档案馆传统上肩负着组织、 保存和获取信息的责任。因此，图书馆员将有形资料数字化，以便世界各地的研究人 员可以快速搜索和访问他们的馆藏。其结果是历史财富的尴尬，这带来了自己的大海 捞针的问题。

当用户拿起手机说，“都在这里” ，指出图书馆对研究人员来说不那么重要时，图 书馆员的无私奉献可能会对我们产生不利影响。然而，这种访问的普遍性是如何实现 的，也许更重要的是，它是如何维持的?谁来管理保存下来的东西?当谈到天生的数 字信息时，可怕的答案可能是：如果不是图书管理员和档案管理员，那么就没有人了。 数字信息比模拟信息需要小心得多。

即使一个数字对象被保存下来，它也可能只是被保存的载体，而不是信息本身。 随着技术的进步和一个垫子变得过时，这个物体是无用的。你是否曾经无助地盯着一 个 ZIP 磁盘，想我怎么把文件从这里取出来?如果没有数字资产的持续迁移，历史学 家就会夜不能寐：当数字资产取代模拟资产时，历史记录就会突然停止。

作为一名日常工作围绕着特殊藏品和数字资产的图书管理员，我和历史学家们一 样夜惊，如果我说目前存在一个全面的保存解决方案，那我就是在撒谎。然而，研究 人员可以感到一些安慰的是，有大量的图书馆员致力于为研究人员发现、组织和保存 数字信息。图书馆员在了解最终用户如何查找和使用信息方面处于独特的地位。因此， 我们在识别、保存和提供数字文物的可访问性方面发挥着不可或缺的作用，这样，尽 管未来的研究人员可能会发现数字领域是一个具有挑战性的地方，但他们不会发现这 是一个不可能的地方。

 

（若想查看更多的真题内容请点击下载：2025年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)）

 

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